When I passed the task for a bunch of textured spots, I was looking for types of shading with a pencil and ink. Maybe someone else will be useful.
top left: hatching called lamb. It is performed with circular movements of the hand without taking it off the paper.
top right: cross hatching.
bottom left: chaotic shading is done without lifting the pencil from the paper. It is created without any standards, just move your hand as it will lead
bottom right: hatching basket. First of all, make a few short strokes at a small distance from each other, then the same only in the other direction, and so on until the end.
What is your favorite type of shading?
bonus:
You can rub the lines with a piece of cotton, wrapped around a match.
The old masters made special "shadings" of suede or soft leather for this purpose. The suede is cut in the shape of a trapezoid, the dimensions of the base are approximately 10 cm. and 6 cm., height 6 cm.. Smeared on the smooth side with glue for the skin, the plane is within the small side of the trapezoid. After that, it is tightly rolled into a roller, starting from the large side of the trapezoid and tied up. After drying, the pointed ends of the roller are ground on sandpaper. Such "shading" will be enough for work for many years.
now such shadings are made from paper in the factory.
Exercise 1.
Take a sheet of thin paper and, starting from the top, draw straight horizontal lines. Trying to leave a small equal gap between the lines, fill the entire sheet with these lines. Draw quickly, in one long stroke, the slower you draw the line, the more curved it will be. Most likely, the lines will be very crooked at the top of the sheet and much smoother towards the bottom. It is clear that it is far from ideal, but if you have one or two straight lines in the sheet, this is a good start. Now on the same sheet, draw straight vertical lines from top to bottom, diagonal lines from right to left and left to right.
Exercise 2.
Divide the sheet into four equal parts with a vertical and horizontal line. Fill in these parts with horizontal, vertical, and diagonal (right to left and left to right) lines.
Exercise 3
Draw a square approximately in the middle of the sheet. Don't try to draw it with four perfect lines, you should draw the sides of the square "through" by drawing additional lines until the square is a square. Enter a circle in the square. Move the pencil freely in a circle, from one point of contact with the side of the square to the other, the more additional lines you draw in search of the correct shape, the better. Shade the circle with diagonal lines from right to left and left to right.
Exercise 4
Draw a series of small squares, about 3x3 centimeters. Try to keep the squares the same size, at the same distance from each other. Below, draw a series of circles about the same size. Alternate rows, trying to get even columns of figures.
You can come up with such exercises yourself, alternate them as you like.
: put two points on the sheet and connect them with one movement with a straight line. Gradually spread the points further apart and put them at different angles, but do not rotate the sheet clearly. over time, move to three points, etc. Usually end with five points, to draw the correct star.
Do these exercises daily and also before you start drawing. Your movements will be more confident and professional.
Hatching with a pencil on plain paper is the main drawing technique. In this article, you will learn how to hatch a drawing with a classic, or academic, stroke. The fact is that it is possible to cover a drawing with a tone with different techniques, and shading with a pencil can be different. But it is this technique that is school, so to speak, the basic technique that any student should comprehend.
Basic hatching principles
Proper shading in academic technique involves the following principles:
- Strokes are applied separately, one next to the other.
When you apply strokes, lift the pencil off the paper after each stroke.
- We don't do commas.
The strokes are not just separate, they have equally sharp ends, without a comma on one of the ends
- Do not apply zigzag strokes.
It is clear that there should not be zigzags, if you have zigzags, then you do not tear your hand off after each stroke.
- The cross stroke is not perpendicular to the previous one.
The strokes of subsequent layers are superimposed at a slight angle relative to the previous layer in stages. That is, first you apply the first layer within a certain area and already cover with subsequent layers.
- We draw the basic stroke according to the shape of the object.
The direction of the stroke follows the shape of the object. For example, if an object has a rounded shape, then the stroke gradually changes direction along the shape of the object, along its rounding. We will discuss the shape of the object in detail below.
How to extend a series of strokes
Everything seems pretty easy if you have one row of strokes, and if you need to extend it, it turns out something like this:
How to avoid this obvious border between the rows? This is the most difficult moment in hatching. The main thing is patience!
There are several ways to avoid this seam effect between rows:
First, do not start the next row on the previous one. That is, the rows are separate, the next row starts close to the previous one, but does not find it. The tails of the previous row, as it were, continue with the strokes of the next row. The next layer will cover the unevenness.
Second, strokes tend to be bolder at the start and thin out into a thin line at the end. Of course, ideally, you should make a uniform stroke throughout. But it doesn’t work for everyone and it doesn’t work in all situations. So the strokes of the next layer can be drawn from the gaps of the previous ones. That is, one row smoothly merges with the others. This way is the best.
And the third is the adjustment with subsequent layers. No matter how good the theory is and no matter how well you work out the stroke, even professionals cannot avoid jambs in full-fledged work. If the first two options work poorly for you, it doesn’t work correctly everywhere, then try to correct with subsequent layers.
Hatching problems
With how to hatch, students often have problems. It seems that everything is clear in theory, but in practice it turns out very hairy, rough, because of the chaos of strokes, the shape of the object is not visible.
First of all, this is due to the lack of hatching skill. That is, a person has little experience, a hand has not been developed, there is no skill. This goes with practice.
The most basic problem is chaotic and fluid shading. Chaotic - strokes are not in shape and with a cross direction at a large angle or even perpendicular. Liquid - a lot of gaps, the distance between the strokes is very large.
And the third problem is an insecure hand that is afraid to be rude and does everything very gray, washed out, indistinguishable. This is the opposite of the first one, and is worse than sloppy, but hatched. Do not be afraid to make it ugly, it will be good in time! We must not be afraid, but hatch, albeit rudely, but confidently.
The direction of the stroke and the shape of the object
How to hatch according to the shape? The question is how to apply strokes, in what direction, and how to determine this direction. If we have, for example, the face of a cube, then, of course, within the area of this face, all the strokes go in one chosen direction and in each subsequent layer the stroke does not change its direction.
Another tip, always stroke from dark places to light ones.
Another thing is if the surface is rounded, and even changes direction. Let's say we have a cone, it has a rounded surface, that is, the base stroke (the main stroke of the first layer) should go along the rounding of its shape. For example, like this:
But the question remains open, can choose another direction? For example, shade like this:
How to choose the stroke direction? It's all about the shape of the object and how you feel this shape.
The most suitable is the direction of hatching, which most emphasizes the shape of the object.
That is, the cone looks more expressive in the first picture.
If our direction changes, then the direction of the stroke changes smoothly. For example, in drawing a portrait with a pencil, this is very important. The lines of the face are constantly changing directions, have smooth rounding.
If you look closely, the direction of the stroke changes smoothly as the direction of the faces of the face changes. Smoothly rounded from one direction to another.
Other drawing techniques and how to develop hatching skills
Other techniques should not be mixed with academic hatching. There are many of them, but the most basic ones that often spoil the academic drawing are:
- Cross and chaotic direction of the stroke, different types of hatching in one drawing.
- Shading and shading
These methods of applying material to the surface of the sheet are good in other techniques. For example, in sketching.
Here, for example, is a pen and ink sketch by Eduard Kichigin, a master of architectural sketching.
As you noticed, the drawing is made with rough, sharp strokes, in some places they intersect at a large angle. Here the task of such a stroke is to convey the shape of the body with minimal means, emphasize its direction, convey the pose, how the silhouette is rounded, give accents of light and shadow, make a hint of the environment.
As you understand, you can hatch in a completely different way, and it will not be worse. But the classical drawing technique allows such a stroke only at the sketch stage.
Sketching is a separate and integral part of the drawing. Making sketches, sketches, sketches is the main, basic skill for an artist. And it is very useful for training your hand. A hand trained on such sketches will be more confident and livelier in working with more subtle and complex techniques.
Therefore, to develop hatching skills, make as many sketches and sketches using hatching as possible.
What pencils to use
Use professional art materials if you want to achieve a good result. I work with koh-i-noor and Faber-Castell pencils. Of course, pencils should be sharpened with a clerical knife. Do not use mechanical pencils, they are designed for other purposes.
Use pencils of different softness. From HB to 4V. It is advisable to hatch lighter places with harder pencils, and for the darkest places use softer pencils. I do not recommend using softer pencils (softer than 4B). From them there may be an excess of blackness and dirt at work, in addition, due to their softness, they merge the stroke strongly, resulting in a shading effect instead of a clear stroke. Hard pencils simply do not make sense to use - they do not give a beautiful stroke, they can strongly push through the paper. For example, you are trying to squeeze a tone out of a hard pencil and start pressing a little harder - you get squeezed grooves, on which the cross stroke already lies incorrectly.
Hence another rule of good shading: use a suitable pencil for each tone, that is, one that will give the desired tone without strong pressure. Strengthen the tone should be the subsequent imposition of layers, and not by pressing on the pencil.
Use the 4B pencil the least - only for the darkest places. Use the HB pencil only for the brightest places. Mostly use 2B and 3B pencils.
Before analyzing the types of hatching, I would like to note that the ability to correctly superimpose lines is the basis of the fine arts. It starts with drawing. It is important at the initial stage to learn how to do it correctly, then in the future the skill will only increase.
Only a few people understand a novice artist. Famous - even less.
Pablo Picasso
To do this, you need to understand the variety of strokes, with which we will help you a little.
Most artists distinguish among the types of hatching:
- parallel;
- cross;
- circular;
- point.
All ways of shading with a pencil are very important for creating an image. With their help, you can draw both a sketch and a full picture.
Typically, apart from dotting, these techniques use simple pencil strokes in varying densities to create a strong sense of atmospheric perspective and contour. It is preferable to use a simple pencil, but a pen or ink is also suitable for performing the technique.
Six techniques. Differences and advantages of each
Now let's find out in detail what strokes are:
1. Parallel
One of the most basic types of this technique, it is an effective way to demonstrate the combination of tones (light and dark) in a drawing. Consists of rows of parallel lines located close to each other. Anywhere you place hatching on an image, that area will appear darker or in shadow. In the example below, the lines are vertical, but they can be at any angle. Note that some of the lines are closer together, such as along the index finger.
2. Contour
Instead of simple parallel lines, strokes follow the contours of the object. The example shows that the lines follow the curves of the hand. This type of pencil shading increases the sense of volume and three-dimensionality of the drawing.
3. Cross
The method that almost every artist has encountered, it looks the same as it sounds. After one layer has been applied, another layer of lines is drawn on top, usually in a perpendicular or near-perpendicular direction to the first layer. This view is one of the fastest and most effective ways to change density and darken. As you can see in the example, a more complete and lively picture is obtained. This technique can be used as a simple straight line, parallel hatching, or follow the contours of the subject, as shown below.
4. Consistently cross
This is the most complete and at the same time the most subtle cross-hatching technique, it can even be confused with a feathered pencil if you look at the drawing from afar. The method is the same as above, with multiple layers of cross strokes instead of just two, to create more subtle differences in tone and color.
5. "Wicker" or "Woven"
We don't know what this is officially called, but it's a vibrant and graphic style when used properly. Instead of parallel lines, this method uses short sets of parallel lines in one direction and then an adjacent group of parallel lines in a nearly perpendicular direction. As a result, the lines look woven, if applied correctly, they can be criss-crossed to add density if needed.
6. Short stroke
This is another graphic style consisting of short parallel strokes. Because the strokes are so small and short, you can stack them on top of each other to create density without worrying about cross hatching.
Many hatching methods are used, it is impossible to describe them all in one article. We hope that the information that we have selected was useful to you. Remember that you first need to learn how to draw lines, and only then move on to portraits, landscapes, still lifes, etc.
The best way to learn this is to practice and experiment as often as you can. Alternatively, you can draw or print the outline of the object in several copies, you can make a photocopy of your drawing, and then shade them with different types. And then you will definitely succeed!
What is shading?
Hatching is one of the most valuable tools for creating volume and texture in a drawing. It is used to make parallel overlapping lines to create a sense of perspective and contour.
Let's take a look at the six basic hatching shapes and the benefits of each.
1. Parallel hatching
Parallel hatching is one of the main forms of hatching, and it is still a very effective way to highlight the dark and light areas of a drawing. It consists of rows of parallel lines located close to each other. Usually the lines are vertical, but they can be at any angle. By increasing the density of the lines, the area will appear darker, which will create volume in the drawing.
2. Contour hatching
![](https://i0.wp.com/urokiakvareli.ru/sites/default/files/inline-images/shtrihovka-i-perekryostnaya-shtrihovka-6-osnovnyh-metodov-naneseniya-tona%20%282%29.jpg)
Instead of simple parallel lines, this technique uses the method of repeating the contour of the figure. This shading method greatly improves the sense of volume and three-dimensionality of everything you draw.
3. Cross hatching
![](https://i2.wp.com/urokiakvareli.ru/sites/default/files/inline-images/shtrihovka-i-perekryostnaya-shtrihovka-6-osnovnyh-metodov-naneseniya-tona%20%283%29.jpg)
This is such a well-known method that almost every artist has come across it. After applying one layer of hatching, an additional layer is drawn on top, usually in a perpendicular direction. This method is one of the fastest and most efficient ways to change the density and darken the shaded areas. This method uses both simple lines and parallel lines, or you can follow the contours of the object.
4. Hatching with thin lines
![](https://i0.wp.com/urokiakvareli.ru/sites/default/files/inline-images/shtrihovka-i-perekryostnaya-shtrihovka-6-osnovnyh-metodov-naneseniya-tona%20%284%29.jpg)
This is a very refined and sophisticated form of shading, and it may not even be visible from afar. The method is similar to the previous one, with several layers of cross hatching layers. The thin pen line is the best tool for crosshatching, as close strokes will blend into each other at a distance.
5. Braided Hatching Method
![](https://i2.wp.com/urokiakvareli.ru/sites/default/files/inline-images/shtrihovka-i-perekryostnaya-shtrihovka-6-osnovnyh-metodov-naneseniya-tona%20%285%29.jpg)
There may be a name for this type of hatching, but it's a rather unusual type of hatching. Instead of all parallel marks, this type of hatching involves applying one row of parallel strokes in one direction, and then applying an adjacent group of parallel strokes in the opposite direction.
6. Hatching using features
![](https://i2.wp.com/urokiakvareli.ru/sites/default/files/inline-images/shtrihovka-i-perekryostnaya-shtrihovka-6-osnovnyh-metodov-naneseniya-tona%20%286%29.jpg)
This is another unusual hatching style, consisting of very short parallel strokes or strokes. Because the lines are so small and short, you can layer them on top of each other to create density without worrying about shading. This style often works best with a thicker nib for better graphic quality.
There are so many ways to approach regular hatching and crosshatching. Hatching can be used in portraits, still lifes, landscapes and more.
The best way to learn is to practice and experiment as often as possible. There is one useful exercise, you can print any drawing several times and practice various hatching methods on it.
Hatching vs Shading. Two pencil drawing techniques - video
Types of hatching.
To create volume and lighting in the drawing, artists use shading. With the help of it, tonal study of the sheet is performed. Below I will talk about the eight types of hatching that are most often used in a classic drawing:
1. The usual single-layer zigzag hatching. The pencil moves left and right without leaving the sheet. A stroke similar to a zigzag is formed.
2. Overlaying two layers of a zigzag stroke. The intersection angle must not be 90 degrees. With such an intersection, an ugly “lattice” is formed. The intersection of the strokes should form "diamonds".
3. Hatching, in which the pencil touches the paper only when a line is drawn. The pencil smoothly descends to the sheet, draws a line, and then smoothly comes off the paper. This type of hatching allows you to connect the strokes very softly and imperceptibly. The plane of the sheet is filled with a stroke evenly, without joints and "seams".
4. Stroke around the circle. Pencil movements are the same as in hatching at number 3, only in a circle.
5. Hatching, similar to option number 4. But the number of layers here can be arbitrary. The length of the strokes is short, which makes it possible to delicately "sculpt" complex shapes, for example, in a portrait.
6. The intersection of two stroke layers at an acute angle. The stroke is not a "zigzag". After drawing a line, the pencil each time comes off the paper.
7. Hatching, in which the lines of the stroke intersect at different angles. Both the angle and the number of layers are arbitrary. Such a stroke is well suited for tonal study of complex-shaped planes, crumpled draperies.
8. Combined hatching at different angles. There is only one layer, although additional layers can be introduced during further work. Such hatching is well suited for working out complex, geometrically irregular shapes, for example, a rocky texture.
When working on a tonal drawing, you need to remember that the stroke most often should repeat the shape of the object. It kind of "fits" the shape. In this case, the saturation of the tone (the level of "blackness") can be typed in two ways: by pressing the pencil and the number of hatching layers. In this case, the stroke should not be “deaf”, i.e., the paper should still show through the stroke lines a little. Otherwise, some "gritty" of the stroke may occur, which makes a bad impression.
Connecting stroke lines into a single whole.
In the drawing, a short stroke is often welcomed, which can be “stacked” according to the shape of the depicted object. But how to work out, for example, the plane of the wall with short strokes? In this case, the strokes are combined into a block. In the table below, I have given an example of how this can be done:
Combination of wide and sharp hatching lines.
Another important point in the drawing is the combination of work with a plane and a pencil tip. The stroke can be "fluffy", that is, wide and blurry. And it can become clear and sharp. Hatching uses each of these approaches, both individually and in combination with each other. The table below shows combinations of acute and wide strokes:
First way. With a wide stroke, you can make the basis of the picture - the first layer. And on top, in the second layer, use a sharp stroke and detailed study.
The second way. The neighborhood of wide and sharp strokes creates an interesting texture. If the stroke is made short and multidirectional, then they can work through the mass of foliage in the crown of the tree.
The third way. Soft materials of fabrics, fur, foliage ... - are worked out with a wide, soft stroke. It conveys the materiality of such a surface well. With a sharp stroke, objects made of metal, glass, plaster, etc. are worked out. That is, where clarity and rigidity are needed.
In conclusion, I want to say that there are different techniques for maintaining a tonal drawing, a large number of varieties of shading, and different approaches to work. But the key points described in this article are the basis on which the work on academic drawing is based.
How the above is implemented in practice, you can see on the example of my work in the "Pictures" section.
5 secrets of a beautiful stroke.
On the course “I am an artist”, which I am currently conducting, a question arose "How to learn to hatch beautifully?" I think this is interesting not only for course participants, so I post the answer here)
The discussion started with this picture:
In this example, we will consider the features of beautiful hatching.
5 principles of beautiful hatching:
- First, a beautiful stroke is done with confident and quick movements. I already wrote about how to draw straight lines, they are needed not by themselves ("that's how great I can draw a straight line without a ruler!"), But as an element of a stroke. In the figure, these lines are very well read. To draw straight lines in this way, you need to hold the pencil correctly. Lines drawn by a trembling uncertain hand are unlikely to look impressive)
- Tone is developed by cross-hatching, increased pressure and more frequent strokes. But first of all, it is important to cross the lines - look, even in the darkest place, paper shines through the shading. This gives an overall impression of cleanliness.
- Shading is not used. I'm not saying that you can't shade at all. You cannot mix cross-hatching and shading in one drawing, if you grind it, then the whole drawing. Because when graphite is smeared in only a few places, it seems as if this is a consequence of general sloppiness. This happens, for example, when, during hatching, the hand travels over the paper and rubs ready-made areas - it is difficult to get rid of these spots later. It is easier to avoid them by placing a clean piece of paper under your arm.
- The stroke is superimposed in accordance with the form. For example, the figure shows that bananas lie on a horizontal plane, and behind them is a vertical plane. If you hatch a horizontal plane with vertical lines, it will rear up) Which, in general, partly happened in the lower right corner of the picture.
- The most carefully worked out is what is in the foreground - there are the strongest contrasts of chiaroscuro. In the distance, the tonal transitions are smoother, everything seems to be shrouded in haze - this is how the aerial perspective is shown.
- Feathering strokes must be done along the strokes, but not across. By feathering along the strokes, you will achieve a more natural toning.
- For shading, not only simple hatching is used, but also zigzag strokes.
And most importantly, there is no need to be afraid to draw the line incorrectly, step outside the border, etc. Otherwise, you will feel constrained, and this feeling will certainly be transmitted to the viewer (if you decide to show someone a tortured drawing). To get it right, you need to draw WITH PLEASURE and think less about the result).
Another important note: the features of shading largely depend on the character of the person and temperament. It's like handwriting. Therefore, do not be discouraged if your hatching style differs from that of other artists, and compare your drawings only with your own!
Learn to draw - Hatching with a pencil and pen
In this lesson, we will learn how to use a pen and pencil when hatching.
The image below is a normal ballpoint pen sketch of the face, and a close-up of the eye, drawn with smudged and soft shading with a simple pencil.
Before you is the most common illustration, which displays the main way to use a pencil when hatching.
This hatching is easy to achieve, for this you just need to drive the pencil back and forth.
This type of shading is the easiest not only for a pencil, but also for a pen, it will certainly suit anyone.
Let's look at a few more hatching methods. To get a very dark background, take a look at the example on the left. If you press a little harder on the pencil each time, you can make the tone darker. The area of the picture we need can be painted over in this way.
Harder shading is shown in the example on the right. To do this, at the end of each line, we slightly tear off the pencil from the paper. We do the rest as described earlier.
Here are a couple more examples of pencil hatching. The figure on the left shows that each time we make shorter and shorter strokes, we imperceptibly reduce them to nothing, similar to a cone. This can be beneficial for most hatching areas.
In the figure on the right, the strokes are depicted by movements in a circle. It is also sometimes suitable for use in small areas with fine shading, either when depicting cloth or drawing other "special" structures. When using such movements, you can give the picture some kind of disorder.
Below is a sketch that was drawn with a simple ballpoint pen, next to it is an enlarged plan of the hatching that I used in the cheekbone area. Here you can see in detail what types of hatching I used.
In the image you can see how some lines differ from others with deeper shading, for this I pressed the knob much harder to make the tones appear darker.
Sei-Hai
Modern Internet publication about creativity
Drawing Basics: Pencil Drawing Technique
This article will focus on pencil drawing. If you want to learn how to draw, but just can't get started, now is the time to start learning. Take a sheet of paper, a pencil and try Let's start with the drawing technique.
Pencil Drawing Technique
There are two main drawing techniques - shading and shading with a pencil.
With the help of strokes (short lines) you can very well convey the tone of the subject. Depending on the number of strokes drawn, you can get different levels of tone saturation (the fewer strokes, the lighter the tone, the more strokes, the darker). By the direction of the strokes, you can convey the texture of the surface of the figure. For example, horizontal strokes will convey the surface of the water well, and vertical strokes - the grass.
Basically, hatching is done with short straight strokes with approximately the same distance between them. Strokes are superimposed on paper with a pencil tear-off. First, one thin line is made, then the pencil returns to the start line, and in this way all other strokes are applied.
To enhance the depth of tone, you can apply crosshatching. For example, a horizontal hatch is applied to oblique hatching, darkening the tone, then on what came out, you can impose oblique hatching in the opposite direction to the first one - this will darken even more. In this case, the darkest tone will be the one where the hatching of all directions is combined.
shading
Feathering is one of the main techniques that can be applied when making a drawing for novice artists. With the help of gradation of tone, you can give the figure volume. In general, feathering is a special case of hatching. After applying strokes, using the properties of pencil graphite and a special shading tool, they are shaded (smeared) until a uniform tone is obtained.
However, the implementation of the shading itself has a number of features.
With the help of such techniques, you can draw anything on paper.
10 common mistakes newbies make
Most people who enjoy drawing take the first steps on their own. And even if it's just a hobby, they still make various sketches. We want to write about 10 possible mistakes that all aspiring artists must face.
1. The wrong pencil
If your shadows don't come out well, check the markings on your pencil. He's probably too hard. Shadows are recommended to be drawn with pencils marked B, 2B and 4B, but not HB.
2. Drawing from photos
Each artist begins to draw from photographs. But very often photographs do not convey enough facial features for a good drawing. When a person's face is located in front, it will be difficult to correctly model his face on paper, since the perspective behind the head disappears. Try taking a photo where the person's head is tilted slightly to the side. Thus, the portrait will be more realistic and with better shadow reproduction.
3. Wrong basic proportions
Very often people start paying attention to details right away, drawing them completely without sketching the whole drawing. This is wrong as you are not planning the right proportions ahead of time. First, it is desirable to sketch the entire drawing, and only then draw in depth the details.
4. Twisted features
We are accustomed to looking directly at a person and aligning facial features when drawing. As a result, the portrait comes out quite distorted. When drawing complex objects, try to first outline the guides, along which it will be easier to build a drawing later.
5. Animal drawing
We usually look at our animal from top to bottom. From this, the head seems to us larger than the whole body, and normal proportionality is lost. Try to distract the animal so that it turns its face to the side, then the drawing will come out more truthful.
If you draw each hair or blade of grass separately, then the drawing will come out disgusting. Try to make sharp sketches, going from dark to light.
Do not try to draw trees, flowers, leaves with the correct forms. Use contours and shadows for realism.
8. Wrong paper
Before buying paper, test it on a piece of paper, drawing something light. The paper may be too smooth and the pattern will be washed out. Also, the paper may be too stiff and the drawing will be quite flat.
9. Volumetric
When transferring volume, try not to use clear lines for the edges. They can be outlined by light lines of different tonality.
Very often it does not work out to apply shadows evenly. Try to use the full color range of the pencil, going from light to darkest. If you are afraid to go too far with the dark, put a piece of paper under the edge, and all the black will be on it.
At first it may seem that pencil drawings are too ordinary, dull. But with the help of a pencil, you can convey a huge amount of emotions.
A small selection of video channels based on a pencil drawing:
From the author: If you are interested in painting, drawing, composition, and art in general, then you are here! By profession I am a Painter-Muralist. Graduated from the Moscow State Academic Art Institute. Surikov. On the Art Shima channel you will find videos where I paint and paint in oils, and videos with tips. Since I have many techniques, you can feel free to ask questions, and I will gladly answer them. By subscribing to my channel, you will be able to see all my new videos.
Interesting video tutorials on any topic.
The work is more difficult, but with a good description. If you really want it, it will work.
Drawing technique: shading and shading with a pencil
There are two main drawing techniques - shading and shading with a pencil. Most of those who went to art school will choose the second drawing technique. It is she who is considered the correct drawing technique, and shading is not recognized at all. But there are those who did not take art courses and do not have an art education, including me, but they also draw and very often use shading.
We will not figure out which technique is better and more correct, but just talk about these two drawing techniques.
Rules for drawing with a pencil
As you already know, there are two ways to transmit a tone − shading And pencil shading. Hatching is more suitable for drawing illustrations, and shading gives realism to the drawing.
In drawing textbooks, you can find many articles about the rules for working with a pencil, about the correct positioning of the hand, and about developing artistic skills.
In no case should you question all these rules, but, in my opinion, they are not suitable for everyone. Due to different characters, artistic skills, desire for freedom in drawing - people are looking for those drawing techniques that are more convenient for them. They do not want to drive themselves into the framework of the rules. I think that is why many people use not shading with a pencil, but shading, which many call not correct.
Pencil shading
In the lesson “How to draw a human nose with a pencil in stages”, as well as in other lessons, I used two drawing techniques - first shading and then shading. Feathering, as mentioned earlier, will help make the drawing more realistic.
There are basic shading rules that will help you make it better. The first is to perform it only along the strokes, which will give the shading a more natural look. Secondly, for shading, you can use not only simple, but also zigzag hatching. Third - do not shade the drawing with your finger! Use cotton swabs or a piece of soft white paper.
Hatching with a pencil
With the help of shading with a pencil, you can easily convey the desired tone. Hatching is done with short lines (strokes), which makes it possible to obtain a different degree of tone saturation. Cross-hatching is used to enhance its depth.
If you look closely, you can see that in the darkest tone hatching of different directions will be combined: oblique, vertical and horizontal.
Hatching with a pencil not only has the ability to convey tone, but also helps to convey the surfaces of the objects in the drawing.
Embossed shading
In conclusion, I would like to say a few words about relief hatching. This type of hatching is used when it is necessary to convey the relief of the surface of the object being drawn. For example, the lips in the lesson "How to draw lips with a simple pencil: a step-by-step lesson" I drew with arcuate strokes.
As a rule, relief hatching with a pencil is the use of non-straight strokes.