In the midst of the summer period, vegetable growers, as a rule, are very anxiously watching the ripening of tomatoes so that the plants do not wither - they are watered correctly, tied up, fertilized, and much more. For anyone who wants to grow tomatoes, it is very important that they grow and develop "as needed" from the moment they are planted. And every gardener can contribute to this by just following some tips and tricks to grow a good crop of tomatoes.
You need to spray the tomato in order to grow your plants "healthy", as well as for a good harvest. It is recommended to do this when the second and third flower clusters are in bloom. Spray with a solution of boric acid. It is boron in its composition that contributes to the growth of pollen in flowers, as well as the formation and growth of tomato fruits. It also has a beneficial effect on the sugar level in the fruits of the plant and stimulates the appearance of new points for the growth of hearths.
Thanks to the miraculous method and the effect of a solution of boric acid on tomatoes, your crop will increase by twenty percent! Solution recipe: pour a bag (10 grams) of boric acid powder into a bucket (ten liters) of water. Such spraying is recommended to be done once or twice. This will be enough.
It is necessary to do a little shake of the plants. Tomatoes are plants that pollinate themselves or with the help of insects, but they also need help pollinating. This applies to those plants that are grown in greenhouses, as a rule (that is, indoors). It is more difficult for insects to get into the room than in open space, and there is no wind there, due to which pollination of flowers on tomatoes would occur. It is recommended to do a completely simple procedure once or twice a week. You need to shake the flowers of the plant a little. After that, it is best to water the soil or spray the flowers. After two hours, ventilate the room well. Growing tomatoes in greenhouse conditions is an ideal option for planting them from the east side to the west. This is useful for proper sunlight on the plants, both in the morning and during the daytime. For plants, this event is called an increase in the length of daylight hours, which helps to grow a good tomato crop. The root system must be strong.
The more powerful the root system of tomatoes, the more fruits it can withstand, and the fruits will be much larger.
Since it is the root system that provides their nutrition. To strengthen the roots, it is recommended to do hilling and mulching.
The most correct time for hilling is the period of formation of roots and their growth, which grow periodically, and not constantly. The first time hilling should be done with wet earth. The most suitable time for the first procedure is when certain protrusions (bulges) appear at the very bottom of the stem. The second time the procedure must be done when in the same part the stem becomes bluish in color, instead of greenish. Be sure to watch the plant so that the root system grows strong and strong, and then you will get a good tomato crop.
Mulching is very good for growing tomatoes. With a properly perfect mulching procedure, you will help increase the yield by twenty or even thirty percent from just one tomato bush. For this procedure, you can use a lot of things, at your discretion, the main thing is to apply correctly. It can be hay, straw, sawdust, fallen leaves, newsprint, grass, wood and much more.
It is useful to grow tomatoes on "own-made" tops. In the fall, when the crop is harvested, collect the tops, crush them and place them in the soil. For the next season, this place will be the best for planting tomato seedlings.
Be sure to stepson the plants so that it does not “trouble” itself with energy expenditure on unnecessary shoots that have already dried up.
When the tomato fruits have already appeared on your plants, you need to cut off the leaves. This is done for the same purpose as pinching. It is recommended to do this procedure in the early morning hours, starting from the end of the first summer month. Cut off just one or two leaves that grow from below and until the moment when the first flowering begins.
Scheme of the formation of a tomato bush
It is also worth carrying out feeding and fertilizing the plants so that there is a good tomato crop. When the weather is good and there is no wind, in the evening, once every one and a half or two weeks, spray the green part of the plant. There are several ways to prepare a spray: urea, saltpeter or monopotassium phosphate, calcium saltpeter, serum with iodine solution.
At a time when the crop began to ripen, it is no longer worth fertilizing the plants.
To grow a good crop of tomatoes, you need to follow the tips for growing these wonderful fruits.
- Seedlings should not be planted very tightly and close to each other - this will slow down their growth and further development, from which the harvest will be much worse.
- Get good lighting for your plants. Especially in winter, it is necessary to organize a source of artificial color, especially for seedlings.
- You can easily install a fan right next to the growing seedlings. The air that he will "drive" will provide a more natural, natural development of plants.
- Before planting seedlings in the ground, warm it up by first covering the landing sites with dark plastic.
- When planting seedlings, dig their sprouts into the ground as deep as possible.
- Water your tomatoes regularly for a great harvest.
Video “How to grow a good crop of tomatoes”
On the recording, a well-known gardener gives practical advice on growing different varieties of tomatoes.
The tomato is one of the most popular vegetables. Already in the spring, gardeners begin active preparations for the summer season. In the beds of almost every gardener, red ripe tomatoes can be seen. But in order to achieve a rich harvest, you should know the technology and features of cultivation.
Preparation of tomato seeds and methods for their germination
To grow healthy and strong seedlings, you need to plant the seeds correctly. Some gardeners use already proven varieties, others are looking for new large-fruited ones. You can buy a good variety of seeds in a specialized store.
They should not be soaked before planting. Seeds are usually treated with pesticides and other active ingredients before they are sold. Therefore, when soaking, chemicals are washed off and after sowing, the seeds will become susceptible to pests.
If the seeds are collected from your garden and bought in a store and not processed in any way, then this should be done before sowing.
Seeds should be prepared in advance, starting from the end of January. To begin with, they are heated for 5 days at a temperature not higher than 25 degrees. It is important to prevent overheating and overdrying of seeds.
Homemade seeds should be soaked in a saline solution (add 3-4 g of salt per 100 ml of water). Then leave for a couple of minutes, and then drain the solution. Seeds must be washed with clean water. The next step is seed disinfection. In a weak solution of potassium permanganate, soak the seeds for about 20 minutes. This procedure will save seedlings from many diseases.
The next stage includes the process of seed germination. To do this, wrap the seeds in a cloth, soak in water, put in a plastic bag and leave for a while in a warm place. After a few days, if sprouted roots are visible, then you can sow.
There is another way to germinate tomato seeds. They are soaked in water, the temperature should not exceed 30-40 degrees. Then wrap with a damp cloth and cover with a centimeter layer of cotton wool.
Leave in this state for a week at a warm temperature. Using this method of germination, it is necessary to regularly sprinkle cotton wool with water.
Some gardeners, in order to speed up the process of seed germination, are preliminarily kept in aloe or Kalanchoe juice for an hour. Seeds begin to be sown in March. As a container, you can use pots, boxes, jars, tins, glasses, etc. Seeds are sown in rows at a distance of 3-5 cm from each other and a depth of 1 cm.
After the sowing process is completed, leave the seed container in the room on the windowsill and cover with foil. As soon as seedlings have appeared, the container must be moved to another place, the temperature should be lowered to 12 degrees and provided with good lighting.
Features of planting seedlings in the ground
Tomatoes are light-loving, drought-resistant plants. They prefer loamy and sandy soils. For seedlings in the ground there should be no weeds, pests and bacteria. Tomatoes do not get along with potatoes, so it is not recommended to grow them nearby, as well as on the soil where potatoes used to be.
The soil for planting seedlings is prepared in early autumn. The mixture should consist of horse manure and sod land in a ratio of 2: 1. Then sand, 0.5 liters of ash and 0.5 cups of superphosphate are added to this mass in a bucket of water.
Usually seedlings are planted in greenhouses or small film shelters. Tomatoes of early varieties are planted in May and only in greenhouses, medium-late varieties from late May to early June.
Of particular importance is not only the proper preparation of not only seedlings, but also beds. Holes are dug to a depth of 25-30 cm. Add 2 liters of water to the hole, then fertilizer and mix. After the water is absorbed, plant the seedlings.
Landing is best done in cloudy or wet weather. In hot weather, the best time to plant seedlings is in the morning or evening.
Proper care of the vegetable crop will allow you to harvest a rich harvest. The most important conditions for a good harvest are watering and fertilizing the plant.
It is important to prevent the soil from drying out, which can lead to cracking of the vegetable. With an excess of moisture, fruit ripening is delayed.
Tomatoes need to be watered under the root. It is desirable to use warm water. It is necessary to avoid getting water on the leaves, stem and fruits. This can lead to the development of late blight.
Watering is recommended no more than 2 times a week. To make the fruits sweet, use a solution of potassium permanganate once a week. The second important point to consider is stepchildren. Extra shoots should be removed if they reach 2-3 cm. The pinching procedure is carried out with scissors.
If you leave a small stump after cutting the shoots, this will slow down the development of a new shoot.
Yellowed lower leaves as well as shoots should be removed. During the flowering period, the vegetable crop must be sprayed with a solution of copper sulfate or boric acid.
Like any vegetable, tomatoes also need to be fed. It should be remembered that it is necessary to fertilize tomatoes before the ovary is formed. It is best to use ashes along with organic fertilizers. Scatter ash under the tomato bushes at the rate of 3 tablespoons per square meter.
Usually alternate abundant watering and top dressing. As a top dressing, you can use a mineral mixture. Pour ash into a two-liter jar and pour 4-5 liters of boiling water over it. After the ash has cooled, add 10 g of boric acid in powder form and a bottle of iodine.
Add another 5 liters of cooled boiled water to the container and mix everything well. Leave the resulting mineral mixture for 24 hours. In addition to the mineral solution, you can use a yeast mixture.
In a three-liter jar, dilute live yeast in warm boiled water. Add half a glass of sugar to the jar and let it ferment. Periodically, the mixture must be shaken. Pour a glass of yeast mixture into a 10-liter bucket. One bush requires a liter of fertilizer mixture.
A beginner gardener should regularly inspect and check tomatoes for any pests or signs of disease. To get rid of wood lice and slugs, lettuce leaves are scattered around the bushes.
If the tomatoes are tall, then they must be tied to supports. This should be done when the seedlings take root. In open ground, support should be done when the first leaves of seedlings appear. The support depth should be about 40 cm, the distance from the stem to the peg is about 10 cm.
It is possible to carry out a garter of medium-sized varieties to a wire stretched on a trellis.
Don't forget to fertilize the tomatoes. During the season, it is desirable to perform hilling at least three times.
The roots of a tomato grow in periods, so hilling should be carried out during the period of root growth. The main sign of root growth is the appearance of bulges at the base of the earth.
A change in shade at the stem of a tomato is also a sign of the growth of the root system. Proper hilling involves powdering with wet, but not dry earth. Thus, the root system will be powerful and branched.
Even a novice gardener can grow a high tomato crop. If you follow the correct growing technology, then the first red fruits can be obtained at the end of June.
The yield of tomatoes will immediately increase if you follow the recommendations of experienced gardeners. Greetings to all friends of the Pro100garden!
You can grow a rich crop of tomatoes if the garden is not a heavy duty for you, but a real pleasure. The conversation will focus on tomatoes, the most popular vegetable crops. Historically, tomatoes are southern plants.
Mexico is considered to be the birthplace of love apples. It was from there that red outlandish fruits called “tomatl” were brought to Europe. The Spaniards called the new fruit Pommo de Ore "golden apple", and the ardent French began to call it Pommo de More "apple of love". Therefore, both tomatoes and tomato names are quite scientific and have the right to the same existence.
How to grow a rich crop of tomatoes
The simplest method of influencing seeds is heating. To do this, they need to be held at a temperature of 35 degrees for 2-3 months. We spread the planting material on cardboard, which we lay out on the battery.
Disinfection of seeds before planting is necessary. Pour them into a thermos with water at least 50 degrees for 20 minutes. This will protect against various pathogens and increase yields by 20%.
Then we pickle the seed material. This should be done in a 10-15% solution of hydrogen peroxide or weak pink potassium permanganate for at least half an hour.
After carrying out the above procedures, the risk of plant diseases is reduced by 2-3 times.
Formation of tomatoes by pinching
Method 1. For undersized tomatoes. We unfold the bunches of tomatoes on the sunny side or do it with a wooden support if the brush is heavy.
Method 2. At a height of 12 cm from the ground, a longitudinal cut of the stem is made - 2 cm. This prevents the movement of moisture and nutrients into the upper part of the plant and contributes to the rapid reddening of the fruit.
Method 3. Root tearing. This technique is used in order to reduce plant nutrition and accelerate maturation. But here the number of fruits is reduced. About cultivation
About diseases of tomatoes
The most common tomato disease is, of course, late blight. It appears both on the stems of plants and on fruits.
Phytophthora tomato disease causes influenza, which affects potatoes. Its spores are often carried with the wind onto tomatoes from potato beds. Therefore, it is not advised to plant potatoes and tomatoes nearby. And also plant seedlings of tomatoes in the area where potatoes grew last year.
The disease affects green leaves and green fruits, on which brown spots of various sizes appear. Fruits and leaves affected by phytophthora must be removed so that the disease does not spread to other plants.
Phytophthora development is facilitated by sharp temperature fluctuations or dense plantings.
To increase the yield of tomatoes and avoid diseases, greenhouses with tomatoes need to be ventilated. The air must be constantly dry. Prevention of the disease begins to be carried out long before planting the seeds. They are disinfected with solutions of potassium permanganate or copper sulfate. Seedlings should also be sprayed with a solution of vitriol 5-6 days before planting in the ground.
Prevention of late blight
Three to four times a season, tomatoes must be treated with Bordeaux liquid: for 10 liters of water, 100 gr. copper sulfate, 100 gr. lime. Mix everything in a bucket and spray the plants.
Still tomatoes can be processed with infusion of garlic 50 gr. crush to a soft mass in 10 liters of water and insist. You can use onions, bird cherry, poplar.
A good spraying agent is copper oxychloride: for 10 liters of water 40 gr. copper oxychloride. You can use a copper-soap emulsion: 20 gr. copper sulfate, 200 gr. soap in 10 liters of water.
Effective drugs such as:
- "Ditan" - 12 gr. for 10 liters of water;
- "Ditan cupromix" - 30 gr. for 10 water:
- "Polycarbacin" or "Polyhom" - 40 gr. for 10 liters of water;
- "Oxyhom" - 20 gr. for 10 liters of water;
- "Azophos" - 20 ml per 10 liters of water.
At the first sign of disease, plants should be sprayed with a 10% salt solution. A protective film forms on the fruits, which prevents the spread of the disease.
About the formidable pest of tomatoes
The main insect that harms tomatoes is the whitefly, or rather, its larva, which sucks the juice from plants. The leaves are curled up. How to get rid of it? Take a cardboard of bright yellow paper and glue the edges. Let's put it under a bush and shake it. The whitefly will not be able to stay on the tomato leaves and, flying onto the yellow cardboard, will stick to it.
Be sure to fight weeds, especially when they bloom. Many pests, such as scoops, whiteflies, and other insects love to feast on their nectar. Subsequently, they will bring tangible damage to our tomatoes.
- If fruits affected by late blight appear on the bushes, remove still healthy tomatoes. Let them ripen separately.
- You can fight late blight with folk methods: dissolve a half-liter package of kefir 2.5% in a bucket of 10 liters.
- Take nettles on a bucket of water, as much as you find in the garden, insist, let it sour and spray each bush with a broom.
Young plantings are watered with water at room temperature. In drought every 3-4 days. And in the wet - once a week. What you need to know.
Pour water under the root and avoid getting it on the leaves. After each watering, the area must be loosened and mulched.
Before the flowering of tomatoes for watering, you need 2 liters per bush. And after flowering, no more than a liter.
At the same time, each plant must be spudded at least twice per season.
The soil around the bushes is mulched with peat, needles, sawdust with humus. This supplies the soil with mineral fertilizers, and retains moisture. The aisles of tomatoes loosen.
With normal cultivation, the collection of fruits of early tomato varieties begins in the second half of July. And later in early August. How about? Yellowing fruits can also be removed, since they may not remain on the bush for full ripening. The removed fruits are transferred to a greenhouse or to a house. The best temperature for ripening is +20 degrees. Their taste is worse, but the content of vitamin C and sugars is the same. At the end of August, when the temperature drops to 8 degrees at night, all ripe and green fruits are removed. You can pull out bushes with roots and tomatoes and hang them in a room with a temperature of at least 12 degrees. Yes, they mature faster.
Every year, novice and experienced gardeners make an effort to ripen a good crop of tomatoes in the greenhouse. Some have their own methods and secrets of growing tomatoes, favorite varieties of seeds, but not everyone manages to grow a big crop: phytophthora annoys, adverse weather conditions. What needs to be taken into account and taken in order to achieve high tomato yields in a greenhouse?
The yield of a tomato depends on the variety. If we focus on weight, a high yield for a small-fruited variety can be 2 kg per bush, and a large-fruited variety will give 14-15 kg per plant per season, although the number of small fruits will be greater.
The yield of the variety indicated on the bag of seeds does not always coincide with the yield obtained in reality.
How many delicious fruits you can collect depends on the growing conditions and the fruiting period. For a year in heated greenhouses with drip irrigation, the average yield of tomatoes can reach 50 kg per square meter or up to 20 kg per bush or more. In conventional film greenhouses, up to 15 kg can be collected from 1 m 2. The determinancy of the variety, that is, the limited growth, also affects the increase in yield. A higher variety allows you to harvest more.
For indeterminate tomatoes, the fruiting period can be extended:
- earlier planting;
- The device of additional lighting during the period of growing seedlings;
- Additional heating of the greenhouse in spring;
- Disease prevention measures.
By choosing a variety with a high yield according to the results of 2016, you can grow an excellent crop of tomatoes this season as well. The seeds of hybrids differ in the best productivity. They are more resistant to diseases and temperature changes.
Seeds are sown for seedlings usually in the first week of March. If you sow the seeds earlier, then it is better to organize additional lighting so that the seedlings do not stretch. Tomatoes with an early ripening period can be planted a little later, mid-ripening tomatoes can be sown earlier.
We grow seedlings correctly or how to get a big tomato crop in a greenhouse
You can get a large tomato crop in a greenhouse by growing healthy and strong seedlings. It is at an early age that the plant lays down a program for productivity, so it is important to create all the required conditions.
Growing conditions for seedlings:
- Soil preparation. You can buy or cook yourself using ash or potash fertilizers, peat, sand, compost soil.
- Seed processing. Seeds are dressed in a solution of potassium permanganate, then washed with water. Growth accelerators are used, for example, Epin, 3 drops per 0.5 l of water. From folk remedies, aloe juice is used.
- Lighting. As soon as the first loops of sprouts appear, the seedlings are transferred to the most illuminated place.
- Watering. Water moderately, when the topsoil dries out, as overflows are fraught with the appearance of a “black leg” and the death of seedlings.
- Dive. When real leaves appear, the seedlings are carefully transplanted into a larger container, deepening to the cotyledon leaves, for better root formation.
- Top dressing. Fertilizers are chosen, depending on the condition of the seedlings. The first time top dressing is carried out 7-10 days after the dive. The rest with the same interval.
- Soil volume. The roots of the plant should feel free and receive sufficient nutrition. Therefore, if the seedlings are indoors for 1.5 months or more, then it is recommended to transplant them into containers with a volume of 3 liters.
Experienced gardeners have their own tricks and secrets. Some grow seedlings in the traditional way, someone uses the Chinese way, and grows seedlings in "snails" and dives into "diapers".
For the prevention of diseases, seedlings are sprayed with a solution: 100 g of milk per 1 liter of water.
Before planting, seedlings are hardened off, transferred to a cool room or to a balcony. In order for the seedlings to take root better, it is better to plant them in cloudy weather or in the evening, carefully, trying not to damage the roots.
High-quality greenhouse preparation or how to get a good tomato crop in a greenhouse
The main task is to create optimal conditions at all stages of tomato growth. Tomatoes are a heat-loving crop, so it is better to grow them in a greenhouse. It is important to properly install the shelter and prepare the soil.
Whatever the greenhouse, it should be installed so that the sun illuminates it for as long as possible during the day.
To do this, choose the direction from West to East and move away from shading buildings. The site should be flat with loose sandy soil, into which organic and mineral fertilizers are applied in autumn or spring, humus, ash, and superphosphate are added. It is also recommended to observe crop rotation, but most often, tomatoes are planted every year in the same place.
How to prepare a greenhouse to grow a good crop of tomatoes in it:
- Green manure plants are sown in the greenhouse in order to enrich and disinfect the soil;
- A layer of soil of 15 cm is taken out of the greenhouse and covered with humus;
- Disinfect the greenhouse with the help of sulfur bombs "Fas";
- The covering material and the frame of the greenhouse are treated with a solution of bleach.
Grown seedlings at the age of 40-50 days are planted in a greenhouse in May, when the soil in the greenhouse warms up well. If the soil is cold, a warm bed is made in the greenhouse or additional heating is arranged, for example, using a potbelly stove.
Tips: how to increase the yield of tomatoes in the greenhouse
By planting seedlings in warm prepared soil and following the basic methods of growing tomatoes, you can get a good harvest. But, by applying some rules, tested on the experience of other gardeners, you can increase it.
To increase the yield of tomatoes in a greenhouse, you must:
- Maintain temperature balance. At high temperatures, the ovary is poorly formed, in cold soil - nutrients are not absorbed, growth is inhibited.
- Maintain humidity levels. Avoid fogging of the coating. Water in the morning, and in hot weather, ventilate the greenhouse.
- water. Watering is necessary especially during the period of fruit formation. If the bed dries out quickly, it can be mulched or covered with a black film.
- Feed regularly. When top dressing, do not get carried away with nitrogen fertilizers, for the formation of fruits, potassium is needed more.
- Properly stepchild and tie up. Do not expose plants too much and remove all stepchildren. Determinate varieties can not be pinched; in indeterminate varieties, it is allowed to pinch the tops above the brush.
- Prevent the development of diseases. Do not thicken plantings, remove damaged leaves, treat with special preparations.
Harvesting is carried out, depending on the degree of ripening of tomatoes and continues until the onset of the first frost. Wanting to increase the yield of tomatoes in the greenhouse, some gardeners use non-traditional methods, such as talking to plants. This may help increase productivity. But, if you do not properly care for the tomatoes, then it is unlikely that you will be able to “agree” with them.
Greenhouse tomato harvest (video)
To increase the yield, you need to improve your skills, learn new things, experiment within reasonable limits and act on the basis of your own capabilities. Of course, you need to show love and care when growing tomatoes, create favorable conditions for them, then the tomatoes will surely please you with a big harvest.
1730 10/03/2019 6 min.Tomatoes are one of the most vegetable crops among domestic gardeners. You can grow them both in open ground and in a greenhouse. Such a demand for this vegetable crop is quite understandable, because even a novice gardener can grow tomatoes. But to get a plentiful and high-quality harvest, you need to know the peculiarity of proper care.
Greenhouse care
As soon as 1.5 months have passed after planting the vegetable crop, it is necessary to start tying the trellis. The greenhouse should have a temperature regime of 18-30 degrees. And although tomatoes are self-pollinating plants, they will need help for better pollination. When the weather is sunny outside, you should shake the brushes well then moisten the soil or spray the flowers. Ventilate the greenhouse after 2 hours.
pasynkovanie
In order for the bushes to form correctly, it is worth removing stepchildren in a timely manner. This should be done until their length has reached 5 cm. If larger stepchildren were removed, then this is a strong stress for the plant.
It is worth pinching in clear, warm weather. This will allow the wounds to heal faster.
Watering
It is necessary to moisten the soil where tomatoes grow every 5-6 days. It is important not to overdo it, because due to the increased humidity, meatiness and sugar concentration decrease. The fruits become sour, watery, and cracks form on their skin.
top dressing
You can get a high yield of tomatoes grown in a greenhouse if you apply fertilizers in a timely manner. This should be done immediately after the formation of the ovary. For these purposes, potassium monophosphate is excellent. For 10 liters of water there are 20 g of the product. The next time top dressing to make in 10 days.
An excellent result is achieved when using foliar dressings. Thanks to them, it is possible to get an early harvest, saturate the plants with the necessary nutrients and prevent the development of diseases. For this, the following compositions are suitable:
- urea;
- potassium monophosphate;
- aquarin;
- potassium and calcium nitrate - 5 g of the product per 10 liters of water.
It is worth making the presented compositions one by one. It is best to fertilize the soil in the evening.
But how the top dressing of tomatoes and cucumbers in the greenhouse takes place is described in great detail in this
Diseases
Often tomatoes are affected by the black leg. To prevent infection, it is necessary to change the soil before planting seedlings. Tomatoes are also affected by phytophthora. To prevent the development of this disease, it is worth 3 times per season to treat the plant with the following compositions:
- Barrier - for 300 ml of water 1 cap of the drug.
- Barrier - for 10 liters of water 100 g of the product.
- garlic solution.
The first processing of tomatoes should be done 21 days after planting. The second time - after 20 days, and the third - after the appearance of flowers on the third brush. But what can be sprinkled with whitefly tomatoes, this will help to understand
On the video - how to grow a good tomato crop:
Outdoor care
It is quite possible to get a high yield from tomatoes grown in the open field. In addition to the right variety, choice of location and quality planting, there are certain rules for caring for these vegetable plants.
pasynkovanie
When removing stepchildren, do not pull them out. It is necessary to carefully break it out, using the index finger and thumb for this. Then gently pull to the side and break off. If the stepsons have grown too large, then you can cut them off using a sharp knife. The first step is to remove the stepchildren, which are concentrated under the brushes. Otherwise, the tomatoes may drop the ovary.
To get the maximum yield of tomatoes grown in open areas, at the end of summer, you need to pinch the tops of all shoots with fruits. It is also worth getting rid of extra flower brushes where there are no fruits.
Watering
Tomatoes respond positively to drip or underground irrigation. For its organization, you can use plastic bottles. When using such watering, you are guaranteed to get high yields. If hose tap water is used to moisten the soil, the root system may be damaged, as the acid balance is disturbed and the temperature drops. In addition, tap water is very hard.
Tomatoes grown outdoors should not be watered often. Irrigation should be rare, but plentiful. Carry out such activities 1-2 times a week. Send about 5 liters of water under each bush.
Fight against diseases and pests
Among believers, the danger is the Colorado potato beetle, potato aphid and spider mite.
The treatment of plants with Bordeaux liquid is considered very effective. To prepare it, you need to take 100 g of quicklime and dissolve it in 5 liters of water. Take another container, fill it with hot water in the amount of 1 liter and add 100 g of copper sulfate. Then add another 5 liters of water. Now you need to combine the two solutions. If everything was cooked correctly, the liquid will acquire a sky-blue hue.
On the video - tomato pests:
You can also prepare the composition at home. To do this, take 100 g of onion and garlic, grind them in a meat grinder. Put the mixture in a container with a volume of 3 liters, and then fill it ¾ with water. Cover with a lid and leave for 3 days. From time to time, the tincture needs to be shaken. Now take a plastic bucket and add 200 g of bird droppings there. Before use, mix the two mixtures and strain.
Feeding
Fermented nettles and ash should be used as fertilizers for tomatoes grown in open ground. Also, 2-3 times per season, microelements should be used for top dressing. Take ½ liter of water, add 5 tablets, and then another 10 liters of water. Each bush will take 1 liter of fertilizer.
At home, you can get a rich tomato crop with banana fertilizer. This is a natural and very healthy top dressing, which contains a lot of calcium and phosphorus. To prepare it, you need to use a banana peel. But how to spray tomatoes from phytophthora with folk remedies, and how the processing takes place, it is indicated
On the video - top dressing tomato:
Pollination
Tomatoes are self-pollinating plants. If you grow them in open ground, then the bushes create a lot of high-quality pollen. It will be enough for neighboring flowers. To improve the pollination process, it is necessary to involve insects in the process - bees, bumblebees.
For these purposes, bright honey plants should be planted between vegetable bushes. This should include: rapeseed, basil, coriander, mustard. In addition, the presented plants make the taste of tomato better.
But tomato pollination is not always affected by such reasons:
- a decrease in night air temperature when anther deformation is observed.
- high daytime temperatures when flowers begin to fall off and pollen grains die.
- features of the structure of the pistil of certain large-fruited varieties.
In this case, you need to help the plants to pollinate. You can tilt the buds down with the pestle protruding, and then shake it a little. It is also possible to tap on a trellis or a flowering brush.
It is best to carry out pollination from 10.00 to 14.00, and the air temperature should be 22-27 degrees. Repeat the procedure after 4 days.
Once dusting has been completed, the plants must be watered or sprayed with water on the flower. Flowers that are formed last are usually empty and underdeveloped. They must be removed.
Getting a high yield of tomatoes is not so difficult if you know how to properly care for this vegetable crop. If you strictly adhere to the recommendations presented above, then your plants will actively grow, develop and delight you with a rich, high-quality harvest throughout the growing season.