Help answer questions about the work “The Song of Roland” 1. What is being described? 2. What does the poem call the enemies of the Franks? 3. How does Karl appear in the poem? 4. How does the poem show the defeat of the Franks?
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(1 option)
A.S. Pushkin appreciates Peter I for his ability to make the right decision. In 1828, A.S. Pushkin wrote the poem “Poltava”, in which, along with a love, romantic plot, he developed a historical storyline related to the socio-political problems of Russia during Peter’s time. Historical figures of that time appear in the work: Peter I, Charles XII, Kochubey, Mazepa. The poet characterizes each of these heroes as an independent personality. A. S. Pushkin is primarily interested in the behavior of the heroes during the Poltava battle, a turning point for Russia.
Comparing the two main participants in the Battle of Poltava, Peter I and Charles XII, the poet pays special attention to the role played by the two great commanders in the battle. The appearance of the Russian Tsar before the decisive battle is beautiful, he is all in motion, in the feeling of the upcoming event, he is the action itself:
...Peter comes out. His eyes
They shine. His face is terrible.
He's like God's thunderstorm.
With his personal example, Peter inspires Russian soldiers, he feels his involvement in the common cause, therefore, when characterizing the hero A.S. Pushkin uses verbs of motion:
And he rushed in front of the shelves,
Powerful and joyful, like battle.
He devoured the field with his eyes...
The complete opposite of Peter is the Swedish king, Charles XII, who portrays only a semblance of a commander:
Carried by faithful servants,
In a rocking chair, pale, motionless,
Suffering from a wound, Karl appeared.
The entire behavior of the Swedish king speaks of his bewilderment and embarrassment before the battle; Charles does not believe in victory, does not believe in the power of example:
Suddenly with a weak wave of the hand
He moved his regiments against the Russians.
The outcome of the battle is predetermined by the behavior of the commanders. Describing two military leaders in the poem “Poltava”, A.S. Pushkin characterizes two types of commanders: the phlegmatic Swedish king, Charles XII, who cares only about his own benefit, and the most important participant in the events, ready for the decisive battle, and subsequently the main winner of the Battle of Poltava, the Russian Tsar Peter the Great. Here A.S. Pushkin appreciates Peter I for his military victories, for his ability to make the only right decision at a difficult moment for Russia.
(Option 2)
The images of the two emperors in the poem “Poltava” are contrasted with each other. Peter and Karl have already met:
Severe was in the science of glory
She was given a teacher: not one
An unexpected and bloody lesson
The Swedish paladin asked her.
But everything has changed, and with anxiety and anger Charles XII sees before him
No longer upset clouds
The unfortunate Narva fugitives,
And a string of shiny, slender regiments,
Obedient, fast and calm.
In addition to the author, both emperors are characterized by Mazepa, and if A.S. Pushkin describes Peter and Karl during and after the battle, then Mazepa recalls their past and prophesies their future. Peter, in order not to make an enemy, did not have to humiliate his dignity by pulling Mazepa’s mustache. Mazepa calls Karl “a lively and brave boy”, lists well-known facts from the life of the Swedish emperor (“jumping to the enemy for dinner”, “responding to a bomb with laughter”, “exchanging a wound for a wound”), and yet “it is not for him to fight with autocratic giant." “Autocratic giant” - Peter, leading Russian troops into battle. The characterization given to Karl by Mazepa would be more suitable for a young man than for an eminent commander: “He is blind, stubborn, impatient, // Both frivolous and arrogant...”, “a warlike tramp.” The main mistake of the Swedish emperor, from Mazepa’s point of view, is that he underestimates the enemy, “he only measures the enemy’s new strength by his past success.”
Pushkin's Karl is still “mighty”, “brave”, but then “a battle broke out”, and two giants collided. Peter comes out of the tent “surrounded by a crowd of favorites,” his voice is loud.
… His eyes
They shine. His face is terrible.
The movements are fast. He is beautiful,
He's like God's thunderstorm.
It's coming. They bring him a horse.
A faithful horse is zealous and humble.
Feeling the fatal fire,
Trembling. He looks askance with his eyes
And rushes in the dust of battle,
Proud of the powerful rider.
How unlike the heroic portrait of Peter before the battle Karl’s description is.
Carried by faithful servants,
In a rocking chair, pale, motionless,
Suffering from a wound, Karl appeared.
The hero's leaders followed him.
He quietly sank into thought.
He portrayed an embarrassed look
Extraordinary excitement.
It seemed that Karl was brought
The desired fight is at a loss...
Suddenly with a weak wave of the hand
He moved his regiments against the Russians.
Only the last two lines, breaking the picture, the rhythm, speak of how dangerous and unpredictable this person is, how much strength and threat is hidden in Karl. Peter is powerful and joyful, Karl is pale and motionless, but both are in anticipation of a fight. Next to the Russian emperor there are “chicks of Petrov’s nest”, with the Swedish one – “the leaders of the hero”. During the battle everything was mixed up: “Swede, Russian - stabbing, chopping, cutting.” The leaders, who started the battle so differently, behave the same in the heat of battle: “Among the anxiety and excitement // The calm leaders look at the battle, // The military movements follow...”. But the moment of victory is already close, and the Swedes are broken.
Peter is feasting. Both proud and clear
And his gaze is full of glory.
And his royal feast is wonderful.
At the calls of his troops,
In his tent he treats
Our leaders, the leaders of others,
And caresses the glorious captives,
And for your teachers
The healthy cup is raised.
One of Peter's teachers was Charles XII. Where is he? How does a teacher react when defeated by his student?
Danger is imminent and evil
Grant power to the king.
He wounded his grave
Forgot. Hanging my head,
He gallops, we are driven by the Russians...
“A hundred years have passed,” but are these strong and proud men remembered? “In the citizenship of the northern power, // In its warlike destiny, //...you erected, hero of Poltava, // A huge monument to yourself.” And Karl?
Three sunken in the ground
And moss-covered steps
They say about the Swedish king.
The heroes of Narva and Poltava could tell a lot about glory and defeat, poets will tell, read and remember for many generations of readers.
Report 7th grade.
Charles XII (17 June 1682 - 30 November 1718) - King of Sweden in 1697-1718, a commander who spent most of his reign on long wars in Europe. Charles XII ascended the throne after the death of his father Charles XI at the age of 15 and left the country for a long time 3 years later, embarking on numerous military campaigns outside the country with the goal of finally establishing Sweden as the dominant power in Northern Europe. Meanwhile, Peter recaptured part of the Baltic lands from Charles and founded a new fortress, St. Petersburg, on the conquered lands. This forced Charles to make the fatal decision to attack the Russian capital Moscow. During the campaign, he decided to lead his army to Ukraine, whose hetman, Mazepa, went over to Karl’s side, but was not supported by the bulk of the Little Russian Cossacks. Levenhaupt's Swedish corps, which came to the aid of Karl, was defeated at Lesnaya. By the time the Swedish troops approached Poltava, Charles had lost up to a third of his army. After the unsuccessful three-month siege of Poltava for the Swedes, a battle took place with the main forces of the Russian army, as a result of which the Swedish army suffered a crushing defeat. Charles fled south to the Ottoman Empire, where he set up a camp in Bendery.
In 1828, Pushkin created a work in which other aspects of the image of Peter are revealed - the poem “Poltava”. Pushkin tries to accurately recreate the historical era - “when Russia was young.” He reveals the past through living human destinies and characters. Pushkin understands the huge role of the Battle of Poltava in the historical destinies of Russia. The battle could only be won by being transformed
Russia. The romantic poem seems to develop into a national heroic epic. The work is based not on an event from personal life, but on an event of national significance. The image of one of the main characters - Peter, the creator of victory, is revealed in contrast with Hetman Mazepa and the Swedish king Charles XII. In his depiction of these historical figures, as well as the historical past in general, Pushkin stands on a strong position of historicism and historical accuracy. The poet is accurate in his portrayal of Charles XII. Pushkin does not hide his personal courage, but he is waging a war of conquest, he has no progressive goals, he acts for ambitious reasons. His defeat is predetermined, and Karl himself feels it. Pushkin's position and his deep historicism are especially emphasized in the epilogue. It turns out that history itself gives a true assessment of events and historical figures. The Battle of Poltava became a monument to Peter: “Only you erected it, hero!”
In the poem by A.S. Pushkin's "Poltava" Karl is a false hero. Frivolity and ambition are the hallmarks of his character. In comparison with Peter, Karl’s insignificance is especially visible, which is eventually recognized even by his temporary ally Mazepa. Vain, petty ambitious desires do not leave a trace in the people's memory, and therefore only “moss-covered steps / Talk about the Swedish king.”
Questions about the report:
1) Who is Charles XII? What historical events took place during the reign of Charles XII?
2) Which hero is Charles XII compared to in the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Poltava"?
3) Why in the poem by A.S. Pushkin's "Poltava" Charles XII a false hero?
(1 option)
A.S. Pushkin appreciates Peter I for his ability to make the right decision. In 1828, A.S. Pushkin wrote the poem “Poltava”, in which, along with a love, romantic plot, he developed a historical storyline related to the socio-political problems of Russia during Peter’s time. Historical figures of that time appear in the work: Peter I, Charles XII, Kochubey, Mazepa. The poet characterizes each of these heroes as an independent personality. A. S. Pushkin is primarily interested in the behavior of the heroes during the Poltava battle, a turning point for Russia.
Comparing the two main participants in the Battle of Poltava, Peter I and Charles XII, the poet pays special attention to the role played by the two great commanders in the battle. The appearance of the Russian Tsar before the decisive battle is beautiful, he is all in motion, in the feeling of the upcoming event, he is the action itself:
...Peter comes out. His eyes
They shine. His face is terrible.
He's like God's thunderstorm.
With his personal example, Peter inspires Russian soldiers, he feels his involvement in the common cause, therefore, when characterizing the hero A.S. Pushkin uses verbs of motion:
And he rushed in front of the shelves,
Powerful and joyful, like battle.
He devoured the field with his eyes...
The complete opposite of Peter is the Swedish king, Charles XII, who portrays only a semblance of a commander:
Carried by faithful servants,
In a rocking chair, pale, motionless,
Suffering from a wound, Karl appeared.
The entire behavior of the Swedish king speaks of his bewilderment and embarrassment before the battle; Charles does not believe in victory, does not believe in the power of example:
Suddenly with a weak wave of the hand
He moved his regiments against the Russians.
The outcome of the battle is predetermined by the behavior of the commanders. Describing two military leaders in the poem “Poltava”, A.S. Pushkin characterizes two types of commanders: the phlegmatic Swedish king, Charles XII, who cares only about his own benefit, and the most important participant in the events, ready for the decisive battle, and subsequently the main winner of the Battle of Poltava, the Russian Tsar Peter the Great. Here A.S. Pushkin appreciates Peter I for his military victories, for his ability to make the only right decision at a difficult moment for Russia.
(Option 2)
The images of the two emperors in the poem “Poltava” are contrasted with each other. Peter and Karl have already met:
Severe was in the science of glory
She was given a teacher: not one
An unexpected and bloody lesson
The Swedish paladin asked her.
But everything has changed, and with anxiety and anger Charles XII sees before him
No longer upset clouds
The unfortunate Narva fugitives,
And a string of shiny, slender regiments,
Obedient, fast and calm.
In addition to the author, both emperors are characterized by Mazepa, and if A.S. Pushkin describes Peter and Karl during and after the battle, then Mazepa recalls their past and prophesies their future. Peter, in order not to make an enemy, did not have to humiliate his dignity by pulling Mazepa’s mustache. Mazepa calls Karl “a lively and brave boy”, lists well-known facts from the life of the Swedish emperor (“jumping to the enemy for dinner”, “responding to a bomb with laughter”, “exchanging a wound for a wound”), and yet “it is not for him to fight with autocratic giant." “Autocratic giant” - Peter, leading Russian troops into battle. The characterization given to Karl by Mazepa would be more suitable for a young man than for an eminent commander: “He is blind, stubborn, impatient, // Both frivolous and arrogant...”, “a warlike tramp.” The main mistake of the Swedish emperor, from Mazepa’s point of view, is that he underestimates the enemy, “he only measures the enemy’s new strength by his past success.”
Pushkin's Karl is still “mighty”, “brave”, but then “a battle broke out”, and two giants collided. Peter comes out of the tent “surrounded by a crowd of favorites,” his voice is loud.
… His eyes
They shine. His face is terrible.
The movements are fast. He is beautiful,
He's like God's thunderstorm.
It's coming. They bring him a horse.
A faithful horse is zealous and humble.
Feeling the fatal fire,
Trembling. He looks askance with his eyes
And rushes in the dust of battle,
Proud of the powerful rider.
How unlike the heroic portrait of Peter before the battle Karl’s description is.
Carried by faithful servants,
In a rocking chair, pale, motionless,
Suffering from a wound, Karl appeared.
The hero's leaders followed him.
He quietly sank into thought.
He portrayed an embarrassed look
Extraordinary excitement.
It seemed that Karl was brought
The desired fight is at a loss...
Suddenly with a weak wave of the hand
He moved his regiments against the Russians.
Only the last two lines, breaking the picture, the rhythm, speak of how dangerous and unpredictable this person is, how much strength and threat is hidden in Karl. Peter is powerful and joyful, Karl is pale and motionless, but both are in anticipation of a fight. Next to the Russian emperor there are “chicks of Petrov’s nest”, with the Swedish one – “the leaders of the hero”. During the battle everything was mixed up: “Swede, Russian - stabbing, chopping, cutting.” The leaders, who started the battle so differently, behave the same in the heat of battle: “Among the anxiety and excitement // The calm leaders look at the battle, // The military movements follow...”. But the moment of victory is already close, and the Swedes are broken.
Peter is feasting. Both proud and clear
And his gaze is full of glory.
And his royal feast is wonderful.
At the calls of his troops,
In his tent he treats
Our leaders, the leaders of others,
And caresses the glorious captives,
And for your teachers
The healthy cup is raised.
One of Peter's teachers was Charles XII. Where is he? How does a teacher react when defeated by his student?
Danger is imminent and evil
Grant power to the king.
He wounded his grave
Forgot. Hanging my head,
He gallops, we are driven by the Russians...
“A hundred years have passed,” but are these strong and proud men remembered? “In the citizenship of the northern power, // In its warlike destiny, //...you erected, hero of Poltava, // A huge monument to yourself.” And Karl?
Three sunken in the ground
And moss-covered steps
They say about the Swedish king.
The heroes of Narva and Poltava could tell a lot about glory and defeat, poets will tell, read and remember for many generations of readers.
Left a reply Guest
In 1828, A. S. Pushkin wrote the poem “Poltava”, in which he developed a historical storyline related to the socio-political problems of Russia during Peter’s time. Historical figures of that time appear in the work: Peter I, Charles XII, Kochubey, Mazepa. The poet characterizes each of these heroes as an independent personality.
A. S. Pushkin is primarily interested in the behavior of the heroes during the Poltava battle, a turning point for Russia.
The complete opposite of Peter I is represented by the Swedish king, Charles XII, who portrays only a semblance of a commander:
"Carried by faithful servants,
In a rocking chair, pale, motionless,
Suffering from a wound, Karl appeared. "
The entire behavior of the Swedish king speaks of his bewilderment and embarrassment before the battle; Charles does not believe in victory, does not believe in the power of example:
"Suddenly with a weak wave of the hand
He moved his regiments against the Russians. “Only the last two lines, breaking the picture, the rhythm, speak about how dangerous and unpredictable this person is, how much strength and threat is hidden in Karl.
Pushkin also characterizes Karl through the mouth of Mazepa: Mazepa calls Karl “a lively and brave boy,” lists well-known facts from the life of the Swedish emperor (“jump to the enemy for dinner,” “respond to a bomb with laughter,” “exchange a wound for a wound”), and that’s all “It is not for him to fight the autocratic giant - Peter.” The characterization given to Karl by Mazepa would be more suitable for a young man than for an eminent commander: “He is blind, stubborn, impatient, // Both frivolous and arrogant...”, “warlike tramp.”
The main mistake of the Swedish emperor, from Mazepa’s point of view, is that he underestimates the enemy, “he only measures the enemy’s new forces by his past success.”
The outcome of the battle is predetermined by the behavior of the commanders.
Describing two military leaders in the poem “Poltava”, A. S. Pushkin characterizes two types of commanders: the phlegmatic Swedish king, who cares only about his own benefit - Charles XII and the most important participant in the events, ready for the decisive battle, and subsequently the main winner of the Battle of Poltava - Russian Tsar Peter the Great.
Here A.S. Pushkin appreciates Peter I for his military victories, for his ability to make the only right decision at a difficult moment for Russia.
After the battle, Pushkin writes about Karl X11:
"Danger is imminent and anger
Grant power to the king.
He wounded his grave
Forgot. Hanging my head,
He gallops, we are driven by the Russians... "
And if his descendants remember Peter and his victory and glorify him:
"In the citizenship of the northern power, // In its warlike destiny, //...you erected, hero of Poltava, // A huge monument to yourself."
then Karl:
"Three sunken in the ground
And moss-covered steps
They say about the Swedish king.